8.Define the essential properties of the following types of OS:

a.BATCH

Jobs with similar needs are batched together and run through the computer as a group by an operator or automatic job sequencer. Performance is increased by attempting to keep CPU and I/O devices busy at all times through buffering, off-line operation, spooling, and multiprogramming. Batch is good for executing large jobs that need little interaction; it can be submitted and picked up later.

b.TIME SHARING

Uses CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide economical interactive use of a system. The CPU switches rapidly from one user to another. Instead of having a job de?ned by spooled card images, each program reads its next control card from the terminal, and output is normally printed immediately to the screen.

c.REAL TIME

Often used in a dedicated application. The system reads information from sensors and must respond within a ?xed amount of time to ensure correct performance.


d.NETWORK

A computer network is a group of interconnected computers. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics. This article provides a general overview of some types and categories and also presents the basic components of a network.
A computer network is a collection of computers and devices connected to each other. The network allows computers to communicate with each other and share resources and information.


e.DISTRIBUTED

Distributes computation among several physical processors. The processors do not share memory or a clock. Instead, each processor has its own local memory. They communicate with each other through various communication lines, such as a high-speed bus or telephone line